The centrepiece of our program is the development of a state-of-the-art cadaveric shoulder simulator, purposefully engineered to replicate the complex biomechanics and functionality of the human shoulder joint.

This six-degree-of-freedom, eight-muscle-actuated in-vitro cadaveric shoulder simulator can generate muscle-driven shoulder motion in a cadaveric arm, allowing for the investigation of orthopaedic pathologies and their surgical treatments in an isolated laboratory setup.

A major breakthrough with this simulator was retaining both the deltoid and rotator cuff muscle origins/insertions such that the muscle wrapping about the shoulder is intact, a world first for cadaveric shoulder simulators. Our shoulder simulator is the only one of its kind in the world presently, that actually moves the arm like a normal human shoulder.

The simulator generates active motion by pulling on the eight major muscle groups that are integral to shoulder function, using robotic actuators. With unprecedented precision and accuracy, this simulator faithfully mimics the dynamic range of motion, muscle activation patterns, and load-bearing capabilities of the shoulder, allowing us to gain unparalleled insights into its functioning.